What we know about Trump's plan to end the Gaza war

In what could be a hugely consequential day for Gaza, US President Donald Trump will meet with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Monday to discuss his plan to end the war.

Reporting in US news media suggests that Trump will put pressure on Israel's internationally wanted leader to agree to his 21-point peace plan.

The proposal has significant buy-in from Arab and Muslim states in the region and has been loudly touted by the US president as a roadmap for ending the conflict for good.

The outcome remains uncertain; Netanyahu faces pressure from his far-right coalition partners to continue the war, while the Trump administration has reportedly not consulted Hamas on its plans.

Here's what we know so far.

What does the plan include?

The 21-point plan contains many of the points that have formed the basis of months of negotiations mediated by Qatar, Egypt and the US.

All 48 living and dead captives still held by armed groups in Gaza would be released within two days of an agreement.

Israel would allow aid to enter Gaza unimpeded and free more than 1,000 Palestinian detainees, including hundreds serving life sentences.

Hamas would be disarmed and replaced by an independent, transitional administration.

The plan would force Israel into making several key concessions.

Israeli forces would withdraw from Gaza, taking the right-wing government's ambitions to occupy and annex the entire territory off the table.

Neither would it be able to realise its goals of expelling the Palestinians into other countries. Under the plan, Gaza's residents would not make way for a Trump-branded Riviera but would be encouraged to remain on their land. Anyone who leaves would be allowed to return.

Amnesty would be offered to Hamas members who agree to end the armed struggle against Israel. This would be another tough pill for Netanyahu to swallow, who just a few days ago swore to "finish the job" and defeat the armed group.

What it doesn't

The draft plan leaves several of the most sensitive issues unresolved.

For one, no timetable for Israel's withdrawal is spelled out, kicking the issue to future negotiations. This would see Israeli forces remain inside the territory for an indefinite period after an agreement is reached.

How the peacekeeping forces would be formed and how they would operate has not been decided. Which countries would contribute troops - until now only Indonesia has volunteered to provide troops for the force – and what their mandate would be is as unclear as ever.

And though it leaves the door open to the eventual creation of a Palestinian state, the details are extremely vague. The Palestinian Authority may be allowed to take control of the territory if it undertakes reform, but no reforms are specified, and no timetable for state building is laid out.

How would the transitional authority operate?

One area in which there is a bit more clarity is in the plans for a post-war transitional government, whose operations have been laid out in detail in a document obtained by Haaretz.

A proposal recently drawn up by Tony Blair would establish a multi-layered 'Gaza International Transitional Authority' led by Palestinians on the ground but controlled by an international board composed of Western and Arab diplomats and businessmen.

On the board, local representation would be minimal, with potentially just one Palestinian among the 7-10-members. Blair himself has been floated as a potential chairman.

Among the names floated in the document are two pro-Zionist figures: Aryeh Lightstone, an architect of the Abraham Accords, senior advisor to former US ambassador to Israel David Friedman, and one of the people behind the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation; and Marc Owen, CEO of US private equity giant Apollo.

Sigrid Kaag, the UN special coordinator for the Middle East peace process, and Egyptian tycoon Naguib Sawiris are also named for potential inclusion. Muslim countries would receive "strong representation", the document says.

Below the board, a Palestinian-led authority would be responsible for providing services and implementing the board's decisions on the ground. The document says it would hand over power to the Palestinian Authority at some point in the future, without laying out a timetable. It does, however, set out a three-year timeframe during which Gaza should have rebuilt local state capacity, although it doesn't specify what would happen after that.

Palestinians, Arab countries reportedly want changes

The Palestinian Authority and several Arab states are pushing for several changes to the plan, including a stronger role for the Ramallah-based authority, according to Israel's Channel 12.

Some Arab countries are seeking to limit the mandate of the peacekeeping force and want it to be deployed only on the border, rather than inside Gaza itself.

There are appeals to water down the language surrounding Hamas's disarmament, requesting instead to ask the armed group to hand over its weapons.

The PA and Qatar are reportedly opposed to Tony Blair having any involvement in post-war plans.

There has been pushback from Israel's far-right

Extremist National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir took to social media soon after the details of the plan were revealed, writing that Netanyahu "has no mandate to end the war without a complete defeat of Hamas".

Bezalel Smotrich, the far-right finance minister and leader of Religious Zionism, laid out six "red lines"

The party, a crucial member of Netanyahu's fragile governing coalition, would only support the agreement if Hamas is fully disarmeded and Gaza demilitarised.

He also rejected any involvement of the Palestinian Authority in post-war Gaza and demanded that the plan explicitly rule out the creation of a Palestinian state.

"The idea of a Palestinian state needs to be completely removed from the table," he said in a statement on Monday.

He also wants to keep alive the prospect of expelling Palestinians from the territory, and demanded that Qatar be blocked from playing any role in Gaza, accusing the Gulf state of "sponsoring terror", something Doha strongly denies.