Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez on Monday announced nine measures aimed at stopping "the genocide in Gaza", including an arms embargo on Israel and a ban on vessels carrying fuel for the Israeli military from using Spanish ports.
The announcement marks the latest escalation of Spain's outspoken criticism of the Israeli offensive in Gaza, which was sparked by the unprecedented Hamas attack on Israel in 2023.
The measures aim to "stop the genocide in Gaza, pursue its perpetrators and support the Palestinian population", Sanchez said in a televised address.
He said his left-wing government would approve a decree to "consolidate in law" a ban on military equipment sales or purchases with Israel, a measure it had applied since the start of the conflict.
Boats carrying fuel destined for the Israeli military will be barred from Spanish ports, and Spain will act to reduce the transport of military equipment to Israel by air, Sanchez said.
"All those people participating directly in the genocide, the violation of human rights and war crimes in the Gaza Strip" will be banned from entering Spanish territory, he added.
Spain will also ban the importation of products from illegal settlements in the Palestinian territories with the aim of stopping "the forced displacement of the Palestinian population" and supporting the two-state solution, Sanchez said.
Consular services for Spanish citizens residing in illegal Israeli settlements will be limited "to the legally obligatory minimum assistance."
Spain will also increase aid to the Palestinian Authority and the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) and will impose an embargo on goods made in Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories.
"We hope that (the measures) will serve to add pressure on Prime Minister Netanyahu and his government to alleviate some of the suffering that the Palestinian population is enduring."
Sanchez also announced new collaboration projects in agriculture, food security and medical aid to support the Palestinian Authority and additional humanitarian funds for Palestinians.
Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar accused Spain of antisemitism on Monday following Sanchez' speech, a claim Spain "strongly rejects".
"The attempt by Sanchez's corrupt administration to divert attention from serious corruption scandals through a continuous anti-Israel and antisemitic campaign is transparent," Saar wrote on X.
He also said that Spain's deputy prime minister and labour minister, Yolanda Diaz, would be barred from entering Israel, which "will not maintain any contact with her".
"Today we put a red line here, demonstrating we will not take it from them anymore," Saar added during a press conference in Budapest with his Hungarian counterpart, Peter Szijjarto.
He denounced both Spain and France, saying that "if they are so enthusiastic to establish a Palestinian state, they have huge territories... they can do that in their own territory."
Spain's Foreign Ministry said on Monday it summoned its ambassador in Tel Aviv for consultations.
Sanchez has been one of the most outspoken critics of Israel's war in Gaza, becoming the most senior European leader to refer to the conflict as a "genocide".
His leftist government broke with European allies last year by recognising a Palestinian state, infuriating Israel.
Israel's war on Gaza has killed at least 64,368 Palestinians, most of them civilians, according to figures from the health ministry in Gaza that the United Nations considers reliable.